{"created":"2021-03-01T06:45:09.870711+00:00","id":39166,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"a3779ddd-f8c7-447c-91b5-fc69eea97bc8"},"_deposit":{"id":"39166","owners":[],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"39166"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:teapot.lib.ocha.ac.jp:00039166","sets":["347:374:811"]},"item_11_biblio_info_8":{"attribute_name":"書誌情報","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueDates":{"bibliographicIssueDate":"2014","bibliographicIssueDateType":"Issued"},"bibliographicPageEnd":"125","bibliographicPageStart":"95","bibliographicVolumeNumber":"5","bibliographic_titles":[{"bibliographic_title":"高等教育と学生支援 : お茶の水女子大学紀要"}]}]},"item_11_description_17":{"attribute_name":"フォーマット","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"application/pdf","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_11_description_46":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"紀要論文","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_11_description_6":{"attribute_name":"抄録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"This article discusses the validity of Project Based Team Study (PBTS), which based on\\\ndifferent lines of evidence is considered an appropriate educational and research method for\\\nstudents in the latter half of undergraduate and graduate courses. In order to clarify this issue,\\\nProject Based Learning (PBL), which looks similar to PBTS, but is in fact very different, is\\\ncompared with PBTS in order to precisely identify the character istics and originality of PBTS.\\\nFirst of all, (1) planning and implementing projects are species-specific behaviors of\\\nhuman beings, and have played an important role in the evolutionary process from nonhuman\\\nanimals to Homo sapiens. This could be the reason that people today are especially\\\ninterested in projects regarding our social behaviors. PBTS is based on projects because it\\\naims to promote thinking about the nature of human beings and discuss what we can do as\\\ncontemporary human beings. (2) Differences between learning and study represent differences\\\nin mental functions between humans and other animals. Study is a specific act of the human\\\nspecies. Based on the two points discussed above, studies, based on projects, are considered\\\nto be methods that are grounded in human nature. (3) There are fundamental differences in\\\norganizational principles between PBL and PBTS. PBL is usually conducted through group\\\nlearning. The principle of grouping organization is collectivism. For social animals, such\\\nas humans, collectivism is a natural principle. Therefore, the process of forming groups fits\\\nwell with human nature. However, when operating in groups, group dynamics functions and\\\nartificial controls are required. Occasionally, problems arise in human relationships that are\\\nunrelated to learning tasks or aims, and as a result, goal achievements during group learning\\\nare hindered. On the other hand, the principle of teams is individualism. The process of\\\nforming teams is artificial; however, practices that are conducted following self-organizational\\\nprocesses and activities aimed at goal achievement are easily maintained. (4) Team activities\\\nthat occur following self-organizational principles are also based on individualism. The most\\\nimportant characteristic of the team principle is that the team itself is an individual, and this\\\nfictional individual takes team leadership. Therefore, virtually idealized leadership can organize\\\nhuman activities. (5) A team consists of not members, but players. Different from a group, a\\\nteam is an open system in a steady, non-equilibrium state, and its players cannot help acting,\\\ninstead of only just belonging to the team. Practical wisdom, which is cultivated through\\\nPBTS, is wisdom that is always open to other choices and deliberate variable things. Its goal is\\\ngenerally unknown and open-ended. Therefore, students have to k eep standing in the front line\\\nand presenting their projects. Their “phronesis” competency matures through this process and\\\nperformance. Thus, PBTS creates concrete outcomes and simultaneously explores the world\\\nmade through projects, which is specific in human beings.","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"}]},"item_11_publisher_36":{"attribute_name":"出版者","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"お茶の水女子大学"}]},"item_11_select_19":{"attribute_name":"著者版フラグ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_select_item":"publisher"}]},"item_11_source_id_11":{"attribute_name":"書誌レコードID","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"AA12613148","subitem_source_identifier_type":"NCID"}]},"item_11_subject_20":{"attribute_name":"日本十進分類法","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_subject":"377","subitem_subject_scheme":"NDC"}]},"item_11_text_18":{"attribute_name":"形態","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_text_value":"977646 bytes"}]},"item_11_text_47":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ・ローカル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_text_value":"紀要論文"}]},"item_11_text_48":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ・NII","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_text_value":"Departmental Bulletin Paper"}]},"item_11_text_49":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ・DCMI","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_text_value":"text"}]},"item_11_text_50":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ・ローカル表示コード","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_text_value":"03"}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"著者","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"半田, 智久"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"74655","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"HANDA, Motohisa","creatorNameLang":"en"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"74656","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"}]}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"ファイル情報","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_date","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2018-04-20"}],"displaytype":"detail","filename":"p.95-125.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"977.6 kB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_note","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"p.95-125.pdf","url":"https://teapot.lib.ocha.ac.jp/record/39166/files/p.95-125.pdf"},"version_id":"759be5bc-917b-45b3-a04d-fff08ed8b946"}]},"item_keyword":{"attribute_name":"キーワード","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_subject":"PBTS","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"PBL","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"TBL","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"team","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"group","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"learning","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"project","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"methodology","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"jpn"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"departmental bulletin paper","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]},"item_title":"PBTS（Project Based Team Study）とはなにか","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"PBTS（Project Based Team Study）とはなにか"},{"subitem_title":"What is PBTS (Project Based Team Study)?","subitem_title_language":"en"}]},"item_type_id":"11","owner":"1","path":["811"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"公開日","attribute_value":"2015-08-03"},"publish_date":"2015-08-03","publish_status":"0","recid":"39166","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["PBTS（Project Based Team Study）とはなにか"],"weko_creator_id":"1","weko_shared_id":null},"updated":"2022-12-12T05:44:51.609949+00:00"}