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In 2 experiments, children were presented with 2 types of triad choice tasks. In Experiment 1, the task required them to recognize the relational similarity between the sample and the target ; in Experiment 2, the structural similarity. Experiment 1, in which the participants were 4- and 5-year-olds, showed that the 4-year-olds could recognize relational similarities in the presence, but not the absence, of surfa\\\nce similarities, whereas the 5-year-olds could recognize the relational similarities in both conditions. Experiment 2, in which the participants were 4- to 6-year-olds, demonstrated that the 4- and 5-year-olds could recognize structural similarities in the presence, but not the absence, of surface similarities, whereas the 6-year-olds could do so in both cases. The qualitative data indicated that the surface similarities increased the production of general rules, and that the older children produced such rules to a greater extent than the younger ones did. 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